聽英文 Podcast、讀英文資料的時候,你是不是很討厭遇到不懂的字?偏偏困難的「專有名詞」不只在生活中常見,考托福時你更容易發現這些專有名詞成了考題,遇到這些英文專有名詞要怎麼辦呢?

掌握「專有名詞+解釋」的資訊組合原理,讓你克服恐懼快速攻克托福聽說讀寫。

用「資訊組合」原理把專有名詞變簡單

What you can do with solutions is separate the parts by a process called distillation. If you distill salt water, water gets boiled away from the solution and only the salt remains behind. 

專有名詞本身只是一個詞,至於講者想用它傳達什麼重點還必須要解釋說明。因此聽到 “distillation” 後不要慌,掌握接下來的 “water boiled away, the salt remains”,就能簡單解讀「它讓鹽水分離」,順利解題。

用「資訊組合」強化推測能力

The Sun will have become a white dwarf star. The core will shrink, giving off the last of its energy, and the Sun will finally die.

依原理推測專有名詞並往後找解釋,接著讀到 “shrink and die” 就能理解它的特性是收縮、死亡,做對大家最害怕的總結題!

簡化「資訊組合」中的複雜解釋

Dinosaurs lacked a body structure called the respiratory turbinate. Why is that significant? Respiratory turbinates are these complicated structures inside the nasal cavity. They are aligned with soft tissue and their function is that as the air passes through these complicated kinds of curlicue passages, air coming in is warmed up.

依資訊組合原理,注意專有名詞 “respiratory turbinate” 並準備記下解釋。但這裡又遇到了托福的另一大難題:解釋過長。你不需要也沒有時間逐句翻譯,請「簡化解釋」,用你懂的、最具體的部分來理解,特別是在句子 SVO 和結果的資訊。

以本題為例,掌握受詞 “complicated structure” 和結果資訊 “air coming in is warmed up” 即可跳過複雜解釋,簡單理解專有名詞(respiratory turbinate 是暖化空氣的構造),即可輕鬆作答!


原文發表於:創勝文教電子報 202212 / 01 期・Dec 14